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To the Aleut peoples, Alaska was “Alyeshka”, meaning the great land.
Alaska, the 49th state, officially became a state on January 3,
1959. It was purchased from Russia for $7 million in 1867 and was
made a territory of the United States in 1912. It is the largest
state in area, almost a fifth as large as all the rest of the United
States. It remained largely unexplored until the Gold Rush in the
1880s. Fur trade was the main economic activity in Alaska for more
than 150 years after 1741. In the 1880s and 1890s major gold
deposits were discovered. In addition, other minerals, particularly
copper, tin, mercury, and silver, were also mined. During the 1940s
and 1950s large military bases were built. Beginning in the late
1970s, the economy underwent a fundamental change as the state's
enormous oil deposits were exploited. Almost a third of Alaska is
north of the Arctic Circle. 
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